Medizininformatik Initiative – ImplementationGuide – Laborbefund v2026

Labor Extensions

Übersicht

Diese Seite dokumentiert die spezifischen Extensions für das Labormodul. Diese Extensions erweitern FHIR Ressourcen um zusätzliche Informationen, die für die Interpretation und Kontextualisierung von Laborbefunden relevant sind.

Extension: Quelle Klinisches Bezugsdatum

Beschreibung: Gibt die Quelle des klinischen Bezugsdatums an, z.B. ob es sich um das Datum der Probenentnahme oder das Datum des Probeneingangs im Labor handelt.

URL: https://www.medizininformatik-initiative.de/fhir/core/modul-labor/StructureDefinition/QuelleKlinischesBezugsdatum

Kontext:

Observation.effective.ofType(dateTime)
DiagnosticReport.effective.ofType(dateTime)

Kardinalität: 0..1

Profil

MII_EX_Labor_Quelle_Klinisches_Bezugsdatum (Extension)	C		Extension	There are no (further) constraints on this element Element id Extension Short description Optional Extensions Element Definition Optional Extension Element - found in all resources. Data type Extension Conditions The cardinality or value of this element may be affected by these constraints: ele-1 Constraints ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children `hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())` ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both `extension.exists() != value.exists()` Mappings rim: n/a rim: N/A
id		0..1	string	There are no (further) constraints on this element Element id Extension.id Short description Unique id for inter-element referencing Definition Unique id for the element within a resource (for internal references). This may be any string value that does not contain spaces. Data type string Mappings rim: n/a
extension	C	0..0	Extension	There are no (further) constraints on this element Element id Extension.extension Short description Additional content defined by implementations Alternate names extensions, user content Definition May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension. Comments There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone. Data type Extension Slicing Unordered, Open, by url(Value) Extensions are always sliced by (at least) url Conditions The cardinality or value of this element may be affected by these constraints: ele-1 Constraints ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children `hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())` ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both `extension.exists() != value.exists()` Mappings rim: n/a rim: N/A
url		1..1	uriFixed Value	Element id Extension.url Short description identifies the meaning of the extension Definition Source of the definition for the extension code - a logical name or a URL. Comments The definition may point directly to a computable or human-readable definition of the extensibility codes, or it may be a logical URI as declared in some other specification. The definition SHALL be a URI for the Structure Definition defining the extension. Data type uri Fixed value https://www.medizininformatik-initiative.de/fhir/core/modul-labor/StructureDefinition/QuelleKlinischesBezugsdatum Mappings rim: N/A
value[x]	S	1..1	CodingBinding	Element id Extension.value[x] Short description Value of extension Definition Value of extension - must be one of a constrained set of the data types (see Extensibility for a list). Data type Coding Binding MII_VS_Labor_Quelle_Klinisches_Bezugsdatum (required) Conditions The cardinality or value of this element may be affected by these constraints: ele-1 Constraints ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children `hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())` Mappings rim: n/a rim: N/A
id		0..1	string	There are no (further) constraints on this element Element id Extension.value[x].id Short description Unique id for inter-element referencing Definition Unique id for the element within a resource (for internal references). This may be any string value that does not contain spaces. Data type string Mappings rim: n/a
extension	C	0..*	Extension	There are no (further) constraints on this element Element id Extension.value[x].extension Short description Additional content defined by implementations Alternate names extensions, user content Definition May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension. Comments There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone. Data type Extension Slicing Unordered, Open, by url(Value) Extensions are always sliced by (at least) url Conditions The cardinality or value of this element may be affected by these constraints: ele-1 Constraints ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children `hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())` ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both `extension.exists() != value.exists()` Mappings rim: n/a rim: N/A
system	S Σ	1..1	uri	There are no (further) constraints on this element Element id Extension.value[x].system Short description Identity of the terminology system Definition The identification of the code system that defines the meaning of the symbol in the code. Requirements Need to be unambiguous about the source of the definition of the symbol. Comments The URI may be an OID (urn:oid:...) or a UUID (urn:uuid:...). OIDs and UUIDs SHALL be references to the HL7 OID registry. Otherwise, the URI should come from HL7's list of FHIR defined special URIs or it should reference to some definition that establishes the system clearly and unambiguously. Data type uri Conditions The cardinality or value of this element may be affected by these constraints: ele-1 Constraints ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children `hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())` Mappings rim: n/a v2: CE.3 rim:* ./codeSystem orim: fhir:Coding.system rdfs:subPropertyOf dt:CDCoding.codeSystem
version	Σ	0..1	string	There are no (further) constraints on this element Element id Extension.value[x].version Short description Version of the system - if relevant Definition The version of the code system which was used when choosing this code. Note that a well-maintained code system does not need the version reported, because the meaning of codes is consistent across versions. However this cannot consistently be assured, and when the meaning is not guaranteed to be consistent, the version SHOULD be exchanged. Comments Where the terminology does not clearly define what string should be used to identify code system versions, the recommendation is to use the date (expressed in FHIR date format) on which that version was officially published as the version date. Data type string Conditions The cardinality or value of this element may be affected by these constraints: ele-1 Constraints ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children `hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())` Mappings rim: n/a v2: CE.7 rim:* ./codeSystemVersion orim: fhir:Coding.version rdfs:subPropertyOf dt:CDCoding.codeSystemVersion
code	S Σ	1..1	code	There are no (further) constraints on this element Element id Extension.value[x].code Short description Symbol in syntax defined by the system Definition A symbol in syntax defined by the system. The symbol may be a predefined code or an expression in a syntax defined by the coding system (e.g. post-coordination). Requirements Need to refer to a particular code in the system. Comments Note that FHIR strings SHALL NOT exceed 1MB in size Data type code Conditions The cardinality or value of this element may be affected by these constraints: ele-1 Constraints ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children `hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())` Mappings rim: n/a v2: CE.1 rim:* ./code orim: fhir:Coding.code rdfs:subPropertyOf dt:CDCoding.code
display	Σ	0..1	string	There are no (further) constraints on this element Element id Extension.value[x].display Short description Representation defined by the system Definition A representation of the meaning of the code in the system, following the rules of the system. Requirements Need to be able to carry a human-readable meaning of the code for readers that do not know the system. Comments Note that FHIR strings SHALL NOT exceed 1MB in size Data type string Conditions The cardinality or value of this element may be affected by these constraints: ele-1 Constraints ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children `hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())` Mappings rim: n/a v2: CE.2 - but note this is not well followed rim:* CV.displayName orim: fhir:Coding.display rdfs:subPropertyOf dt:CDCoding.displayName
userSelected	Σ	0..1	boolean	There are no (further) constraints on this element Element id Extension.value[x].userSelected Short description If this coding was chosen directly by the user Definition Indicates that this coding was chosen by a user directly - e.g. off a pick list of available items (codes or displays). Requirements This has been identified as a clinical safety criterium - that this exact system/code pair was chosen explicitly, rather than inferred by the system based on some rules or language processing. Comments Amongst a set of alternatives, a directly chosen code is the most appropriate starting point for new translations. There is some ambiguity about what exactly 'directly chosen' implies, and trading partner agreement may be needed to clarify the use of this element and its consequences more completely. Data type boolean Conditions The cardinality or value of this element may be affected by these constraints: ele-1 Constraints ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children `hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())` Mappings rim: n/a v2: Sometimes implied by being first rim: CD.codingRationale orim: fhir:Coding.userSelected fhir:mapsTo dt:CDCoding.codingRationale. fhir:Coding.userSelected fhir:hasMap fhir:Coding.userSelected.map. fhir:Coding.userSelected.map a fhir:Map; fhir:target dt:CDCoding.codingRationale. fhir:Coding.userSelected\#true a [ fhir:source "true"; fhir:target dt:CDCoding.codingRationale\#O ]

ValueSet: Quelle Klinisches Bezugsdatum

This value set includes codes from the following code systems:

The following codes from system: SNOMED_CT
Code Display
399445004 Specimen collection date (observable entity)
281271004 Date sample received in laboratory (observable entity)

Code	Display
399445004	Specimen collection date (observable entity)
281271004	Date sample received in laboratory (observable entity)

Enthält Konzepte:

SCT#399445004 - Specimen collection date (observable entity)
SCT#281271004 - Date sample received in laboratory (observable entity)

Extension: Interpretationsbeeinflussende Eigenschaft

Beschreibung: Beschreibt interpretationsbeeinflussende Eigenschaften einer Laboruntersuchung oder Probe, die die klinische Interpretation des Laborwerts beeinflussen können (z.B. Hämolyse, Lipämie, besondere Abnahmebedingungen).

Auf klinischen Laborbefunden findet sich diese Eigenschaft meistens in einem Freitextkommentar, der direkt einer Laboruntersuchung zugeordnet ist. Die Extension gibt die Möglichkeit, relevant häufige interpretationsbeeinflussende Eigenschaften in (SNOMED-)kodierter und damit auswertbarer Form vorliegen zu haben.

URL: https://www.medizininformatik-initiative.de/fhir/core/modul-labor/StructureDefinition/InterpretationsbeeinflussendeEigenschaft

Kontext: Observation

Kardinalität: 0..*

Besonderheit: Diese Extension ist als isModifier gekennzeichnet. Das bedeutet, dass sie die Bedeutung von Observation.value[x] modifiziert. Empfängersysteme MÜSSEN diesen Qualifizierer bei der Darstellung, Trendanalyse, dem Vergleich oder der Auslösung von Entscheidungsunterstützung berücksichtigen; ein Ignorieren kann zu Fehlinterpretationen führen.

Profil

MII_EX_Labor_Interpretationsbeeinflussende_Eigenschaft (Extension)	?! C		Extension	There are no (further) constraints on this element Element id Extension Short description Optional Extensions Element Definition Optional Extension Element - found in all resources. Data type Extension Conditions The cardinality or value of this element may be affected by these constraints: ele-1 Constraints ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children `hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())` ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both `extension.exists() != value.exists()` Mappings rim: n/a rim: N/A
id		0..1	string	There are no (further) constraints on this element Element id Extension.id Short description Unique id for inter-element referencing Definition Unique id for the element within a resource (for internal references). This may be any string value that does not contain spaces. Data type string Mappings rim: n/a
extension	C	0..0	Extension	There are no (further) constraints on this element Element id Extension.extension Short description Additional content defined by implementations Alternate names extensions, user content Definition May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension. Comments There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone. Data type Extension Slicing Unordered, Open, by url(Value) Extensions are always sliced by (at least) url Conditions The cardinality or value of this element may be affected by these constraints: ele-1 Constraints ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children `hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())` ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both `extension.exists() != value.exists()` Mappings rim: n/a rim: N/A
url		1..1	uriFixed Value	Element id Extension.url Short description identifies the meaning of the extension Definition Source of the definition for the extension code - a logical name or a URL. Comments The definition may point directly to a computable or human-readable definition of the extensibility codes, or it may be a logical URI as declared in some other specification. The definition SHALL be a URI for the Structure Definition defining the extension. Data type uri Fixed value https://www.medizininformatik-initiative.de/fhir/core/modul-labor/StructureDefinition/InterpretationsbeeinflussendeEigenschaft Mappings rim: N/A
value[x]	S	1..1	CodingBinding	Element id Extension.value[x] Short description Value of extension Definition Value of extension - must be one of a constrained set of the data types (see Extensibility for a list). Data type Coding Binding MII_VS_Labor_InterpretationsbeeinflussendeEigenschaft_SNOMEDCT (extensible) Conditions The cardinality or value of this element may be affected by these constraints: ele-1 Constraints ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children `hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())` Mappings rim: n/a rim: N/A
id		0..1	string	There are no (further) constraints on this element Element id Extension.value[x].id Short description Unique id for inter-element referencing Definition Unique id for the element within a resource (for internal references). This may be any string value that does not contain spaces. Data type string Mappings rim: n/a
extension	C	0..*	Extension	There are no (further) constraints on this element Element id Extension.value[x].extension Short description Additional content defined by implementations Alternate names extensions, user content Definition May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension. Comments There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone. Data type Extension Slicing Unordered, Open, by url(Value) Extensions are always sliced by (at least) url Conditions The cardinality or value of this element may be affected by these constraints: ele-1 Constraints ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children `hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())` ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both `extension.exists() != value.exists()` Mappings rim: n/a rim: N/A
system	S Σ	1..1	uri	There are no (further) constraints on this element Element id Extension.value[x].system Short description Identity of the terminology system Definition The identification of the code system that defines the meaning of the symbol in the code. Requirements Need to be unambiguous about the source of the definition of the symbol. Comments The URI may be an OID (urn:oid:...) or a UUID (urn:uuid:...). OIDs and UUIDs SHALL be references to the HL7 OID registry. Otherwise, the URI should come from HL7's list of FHIR defined special URIs or it should reference to some definition that establishes the system clearly and unambiguously. Data type uri Conditions The cardinality or value of this element may be affected by these constraints: ele-1 Constraints ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children `hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())` Mappings rim: n/a v2: CE.3 rim:* ./codeSystem orim: fhir:Coding.system rdfs:subPropertyOf dt:CDCoding.codeSystem
version	Σ	0..1	string	There are no (further) constraints on this element Element id Extension.value[x].version Short description Version of the system - if relevant Definition The version of the code system which was used when choosing this code. Note that a well-maintained code system does not need the version reported, because the meaning of codes is consistent across versions. However this cannot consistently be assured, and when the meaning is not guaranteed to be consistent, the version SHOULD be exchanged. Comments Where the terminology does not clearly define what string should be used to identify code system versions, the recommendation is to use the date (expressed in FHIR date format) on which that version was officially published as the version date. Data type string Conditions The cardinality or value of this element may be affected by these constraints: ele-1 Constraints ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children `hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())` Mappings rim: n/a v2: CE.7 rim:* ./codeSystemVersion orim: fhir:Coding.version rdfs:subPropertyOf dt:CDCoding.codeSystemVersion
code	S Σ	1..1	code	There are no (further) constraints on this element Element id Extension.value[x].code Short description Symbol in syntax defined by the system Definition A symbol in syntax defined by the system. The symbol may be a predefined code or an expression in a syntax defined by the coding system (e.g. post-coordination). Requirements Need to refer to a particular code in the system. Comments Note that FHIR strings SHALL NOT exceed 1MB in size Data type code Conditions The cardinality or value of this element may be affected by these constraints: ele-1 Constraints ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children `hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())` Mappings rim: n/a v2: CE.1 rim:* ./code orim: fhir:Coding.code rdfs:subPropertyOf dt:CDCoding.code
display	Σ	0..1	string	There are no (further) constraints on this element Element id Extension.value[x].display Short description Representation defined by the system Definition A representation of the meaning of the code in the system, following the rules of the system. Requirements Need to be able to carry a human-readable meaning of the code for readers that do not know the system. Comments Note that FHIR strings SHALL NOT exceed 1MB in size Data type string Conditions The cardinality or value of this element may be affected by these constraints: ele-1 Constraints ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children `hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())` Mappings rim: n/a v2: CE.2 - but note this is not well followed rim:* CV.displayName orim: fhir:Coding.display rdfs:subPropertyOf dt:CDCoding.displayName
userSelected	Σ	0..1	boolean	There are no (further) constraints on this element Element id Extension.value[x].userSelected Short description If this coding was chosen directly by the user Definition Indicates that this coding was chosen by a user directly - e.g. off a pick list of available items (codes or displays). Requirements This has been identified as a clinical safety criterium - that this exact system/code pair was chosen explicitly, rather than inferred by the system based on some rules or language processing. Comments Amongst a set of alternatives, a directly chosen code is the most appropriate starting point for new translations. There is some ambiguity about what exactly 'directly chosen' implies, and trading partner agreement may be needed to clarify the use of this element and its consequences more completely. Data type boolean Conditions The cardinality or value of this element may be affected by these constraints: ele-1 Constraints ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children `hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())` Mappings rim: n/a v2: Sometimes implied by being first rim: CD.codingRationale orim: fhir:Coding.userSelected fhir:mapsTo dt:CDCoding.codingRationale. fhir:Coding.userSelected fhir:hasMap fhir:Coding.userSelected.map. fhir:Coding.userSelected.map a fhir:Map; fhir:target dt:CDCoding.codingRationale. fhir:Coding.userSelected\#true a [ fhir:source "true"; fhir:target dt:CDCoding.codingRationale\#O ]

ValueSet: Interpretationsbeeinflussende Eigenschaften

This value set includes codes from the following code systems:

The following codes from system: 281271004
Code Display
118128002 Specimen hemolyzed (finding)
118127007 Specimen lipemic (finding)
118129005 Specimen icteric (finding)
167569004 Urine culture - mixed growth (finding)

Code	Display
118128002	Specimen hemolyzed (finding)
118127007	Specimen lipemic (finding)
118129005	Specimen icteric (finding)
167569004	Urine culture - mixed growth (finding)

Beispiel-Konzepte:

SCT#118128002 - Specimen hemolyzed (finding)
SCT#118127007 - Specimen lipemic (finding)
SCT#118129005 - Specimen icteric (finding)
SCT#167569004 - Urine culture - mixed growth (finding)

Verwendungsbeispiel

Beispiel 1: Quelle Klinisches Bezugsdatum

{
  "resourceType": "Observation",
  "status": "final",
  "code": {
    "coding": [
      {
        "system": "http://loinc.org",
        "code": "718-7",
        "display": "Hemoglobin [Mass/volume] in Blood"
      }
    ]
  },
  "effectiveDateTime": "2024-01-15T08:30:00+01:00",
  "_effectiveDateTime": {
    "extension": [
      {
        "url": "https://www.medizininformatik-initiative.de/fhir/core/modul-labor/StructureDefinition/QuelleKlinischesBezugsdatum",
        "valueCoding": {
          "system": "http://snomed.info/sct",
          "code": "399445004",
          "display": "Specimen collection date"
        }
      }
    ]
  },
  "valueQuantity": {
    "value": 14.5,
    "unit": "g/dL",
    "system": "http://unitsofmeasure.org",
    "code": "g/dL"
  }
}

Beispiel 2: Interpretationsbeeinflussende Eigenschaft

{
  "resourceType": "Observation",
  "status": "final",
  "code": {
    "coding": [
      {
        "system": "http://loinc.org",
        "code": "2951-2",
        "display": "Sodium [Moles/volume] in Serum or Plasma"
      }
    ]
  },
  "valueQuantity": {
    "value": 138,
    "unit": "mmol/L",
    "system": "http://unitsofmeasure.org",
    "code": "mmol/L"
  },
  "modifierExtension": [
    {
      "url": "https://www.medizininformatik-initiative.de/fhir/core/modul-labor/StructureDefinition/InterpretationsbeeinflussendeEigenschaft",
      "valueCoding": {
        "system": "http://snomed.info/sct",
        "code": "118128002",
        "display": "Specimen hemolyzed"
      }
    }
  ]
}

Hinweise zur Implementierung

Quelle Klinisches Bezugsdatum

Diese Extension wird an das effectiveDateTime Element angehängt
Sie ermöglicht die präzise Dokumentation, ob das angegebene Datum dem Zeitpunkt der Probenentnahme oder dem Eingang im Labor entspricht
Dies ist besonders relevant für die korrekte zeitliche Einordnung von Laborwerten im klinischen Kontext

Interpretationsbeeinflussende Eigenschaft

Die Extension ist als Modifier Extension gekennzeichnet und MUSS von verarbeitenden Systemen beachtet werden
Sie kann mehrfach verwendet werden, wenn mehrere beeinflussende Faktoren vorliegen
Das ValueSet ist als extensible definiert, d.h. weitere SNOMED CT Codes können bei Bedarf verwendet werden
Diese Extension ist kritisch für die korrekte klinische Interpretation von Laborwerten und darf nicht ignoriert werden